Pula is the largest city and major port situated on the Istrian peninsula, the southern part of the cape. One of the most popular tourist destinations and cultural scene. Its historical attributes and characteristics are visible in every corner, street, church and museum. But the most valuable and most important heritage is certainly a magnificent amphitheater known as the Coliseum from the second century.
The town is situated well secured and protected bay which has greatly contributed to the incredible development of the main directions of economic, tourism and marine industries.
Shipyard there from the time when the city of Pula set in the Austro-Hungarian rule. While they were under their jurisdiction, Pula was their main port, and the Navy and became a fortified city and one of the most protected cities in Europe.
The shipyard has built boats in the arsenal, and allow the anchoring of many other ships in port. Until now, Pula is one of the largest ports and shipyards in the country that continues to develop its main economy.
The city has preserved all historical traces are very stable in order to detect the puzzle of the past and has proved its importance.
Sights have left a strong impression on today's tourism and further development. The best known are: the Amphitheatre, the Temple of Augustus, Sergiev Arc de Triomphe and the famous Golden Gate, the Cathedral of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Temples and the Basilica in the Forum, the Forum for Communal Palace, Arsenal Yard, St. Maria Formosa, and Portarata Giardinin Square (Piazza), the Roman walls, Roman Gate, the Roman Theatre, the Venetian Fortress and many others.
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Pula is located at 44 ° 52 'parallel north latitude and 13 ° 51' meridian east longitude, at an average altitude of about 30 m.
The city on the southwestern end of the Istrian peninsula, developed at the foot and the seven hills (castle, Zaro, Arena, St. Martin. Opatija sv. Michael, Mondipola and Pra Grande), on the inner part of a wide gulf and a naturally well-protected port (depth up to 38 m) which is open to the northwest with two entrances from the sea and through Fažanski channel.
The present area of the city of Pula is 5165 ha, 4,150 ha of land and 1,015 ha of sea, bounded on the north island of St.. Jerome and Kozada, Štinjan urban settlements, and Veli Vrh Šijanic forest, with the east area Monteserpo, Valmade, Busoler and Valdebek; the south with the old gas works, Veruda and island Veruda; and from the west Verudela, Lungomare and Musil.
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The city has a Mediterranean climate with mild winters and warm summers with an average 2316 hours per year or 6, 3 hours per day, with an average annual temperature of 13.2 ° C (average 6.1 ° C in February to 26.4 ° C in July and August) and the temperature oscillations must be 7-26 ° C.
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Activity which in the past thirty years could not be avoided when talking about the Puli is tourism. Benefits for tourism development are primarily the geographic position of the city, the mild Mediterranean climate, preserved natural environment, clean water, good transport connections and a rich cultural and monumental heritage.
How in the town and wider area, the tourist offer is diverse and offers many opportunities for quality rest. In the area of Pula, mostly along the coast and in the heart of the city, a large number of hotels and apartment complexes, campgrounds, children's and ferijalnih resorts, and several marinas. At a few kilometers away from the city is one of the most famous national parks in Croatia, The Brijuni islands, and in the vicinity of many tourist resorts and small picturesque towns, for example, Medulin, Medulin, Pula, Rovinj, Peroj Fažana etc.
All tourist and service information can be found at the tourist information center in the heart of the city of Pula, in the Forum. In addition to brochures and catalog information about Pula and Istria, the tourists can use the computer where they can find information on excursions, cultural monuments, cultural and other events, accommodation facilities and other disclosures in the city.
With the help of computers, tourists can receive, send or check your e-mail.
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The city of Pula has more than 3000 years and was built on a hill where the castle was created first hill-fort settlements, fortifications Histra. In addition to round two of the main street, from prehistoric ruins, nothing else. The rights of the city's history began with the Romans. The official name of the city was Colonia Iulia Pola Pietas, and had all the functions and structures typical of the Roman settlement of immigrants.
In the age of migrations in Pula are surrounding areas of the VII. century stood settled Slavs and Croats. After 1331st The Pula could not escape the claws of a lion St. Mark. Venetians in Pula did not show interest in the economic development of the city, because it is the most important was a port as a transit point on their way from Venice along the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea to the Levant. Frequent outbreaks of plague XIV. century, as well as endemic malaria and other diseases, were drastically reduced the number of inhabitants, so that in Pula at the end of XVII. century, lived only about 600 people. However, the period of humanism and the Renaissance in European cultural circles are all known ancient monuments became Pula: Arena, Triumphal Arch, the Temple of Augustus, so many artists and architects XVI, XVII. and XVIII. century lived in Pula, drawing and describing the Roman buildings that served as the model of architecture from the Renaissance to Classicism.
After the collapse of Venice and Pula, Istria came under the Austrian crown. Since 1815th until the end of World War Pula was part of the Austrian Littoral (Küstenland). When in 1856. Arsenal was opened, that is the main base of the Austrian Navy, began the modern development of the city and the south of Istria. Once in 1876. was connected by rail with the line Vienna - Pula Trieste and the nearby Brijuni felt the beginnings of tourism, all of which are members of the imperial family, led by Franz Joseph, were guests of Pula.
The twentieth century was the century of the Pula multiple changes of government, with departures and arrivals of the population, some social and ethnic groups, especially after WWI and after WWII. Heavily damaged by bombing during World War II, Pula, in the second half of the twentieth century re-blossomed and developed into the largest town in Istria, significant because the two main economic activities: industry, led to shipbuilding, and tourism
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Arena
The most famous and important monument, construction of which begins and ends each tour city - Puljska Arena - buildings in which the gladiator fights. It was built in the first century AD, during the reign of Emperor Vespasian, at the same time with the biggest and most famous building of its kind - Colosseum in Rome.
Is elliptical, with the main axis length of 130 meters and the short axis of 100 meters. In the middle of a flat area - the field, but the spectators were sitting on the stone steps and stood in the gallery. It is believed that the arena could hold 20,000 spectators. It was built from local limestone. In the Middle Ages the Arena was used for knightly tournaments and fairs.
Today it is used for summer events - The film festival, opera season, Equestrian Festival, concerts ... When can accommodate about 5000 spectators. In an underground room, which had earlier served a gladiator, now a permanent exhibition "Olive and Grape Istria in ancient times, enhanced conversions of machinery for the production of oil and wine (mills, the press, the vessel for deposition), and amphorae that were used as packaging for transport oil and wine.
Arena is located outside the city walls of old Pula, because of its size and geographical advantages, and to the city leads us often established at the time of Vespasian in which it was named - Via Flavia, which today represents one of the main city roads.
Temple of Augustus
The temple in the Forum dedicated to the goddess Roma and Augustus Caesar. It was built between the second BC and 14 year, when he died in August. Shape is typical of the temple construction. The function of the temple has changed: the completion of pagan antiquity is the basic function of the temple ceased, and has been used as a church, then stored grain, to the early nineteenth century it had housed the museum of stone monuments. 1944th Mr struck by a bomb and almost completely destroyed, reconstruction is carried out since 1945. until 1947, and today it is less an exhibition of ancient sculpture in stone and bronze.
For the second twin temple, from which it is preserved only the rear wall, is assumed to be built at the same time and in the same style, and, according to oral tradition, called the Temple of Diana.
Triumphal Arch - Golden Gate
"Golden Gate" - was built 29-27. BC by the Sergi family, in honor of three members of the family who held important positions in Pula. Arc the leaner the gate Porta Aurea or the so called because of the richness of ornamental onions or the gilded doors. The door and wall were demolished in the early nineteenth century, due to urbanization and sprawl outside the walls.
Triumphal Arch was built in the Corinthian style, with strong influences of Hellenistic Asia Minor in the manner and motives of decoration. Since the eastern part was not visible, remained largely untreated stonemasons, while the western side, is visible - the city, richly decorated. Today, the small square with Arc happening cultural events - theater and choir, and along the street are numerous shops.
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Istria's eventful history has left a significant footprint in the kitchen - the influence of Italy, Central Europe, particularly Austrian, Hungarian and Slavic cuisine feels in Pula's restaurants that offer a great variety of foods rich in, and where you can taste dishes of seafood, but meal so. Continental Istria.
In Pula, just as in most towns of Istria, be sure to taste seafood specialties, of which dishes Rospi (monkfish), sea bass or delicious buzara Kvarner scampi only a small number of delicacies on offer. In Pula you should try and shells, thanks to the clear waters are a special flavor dondolas, Mussels, Scallops or kanaštrele. Are excellent thing to add a little lemon.
In Pula you will be happy to offer excellent fish stew, and definitely should try the black risotto with cuttlefish. Lovers of oily fish to taste anchovies to savor. This dish is eaten cold and fried sardines topped with sauce, oil, onion, vinegar and spices.
However, not everyone likes fish and seafood specialties. In Pula, the choice is concerned there is really no problem. Namely, the starter in Pula restaurants, a true - Istrian ham, which is one of the most popular brands of Istria. Istrian prosciutto is unique in the way it is prepared and cured and then dried in the bora. In the restaurant, ask the ham snick a knife - it gives a special charm.
The so-called scrambled eggs or omelet of the traditional dishes in Pula prepared in many ways, unavoidable scrambled eggs with wild asparagus, wild plant rich in potassium, vitamin C, A and B. Fritaja is prepared with dried sausages, onions, truffles ... . And each one is special in its own way.
In Pula you should try and maneštras traditional thick soup whose main ingredients are potatoes and beans with added pest (mixture of bacon and garlic). This delicacy is their top issues experience a refined sweet corn (young corn), ily fermentunom (chopped corn), it is excellent and with chickpeas or farom (barley). In maneštre very often puts a bone from the Istrian ham, a specific taste it where young fennel. Maneštra in which the basic ingredients of potatoes and beans, sauerkraut is added to iota.
The influence of Italian cuisine in Istria is best felt in different types of tasty pasta, which are offered in Pula. The most popular are pasta and gnocchi. Fusi are made with eggs, flour and water. Since these ingredients are kneaded dough which is then rolled out and cut into rectangles whose vertices then merged and folded so.
Gnocchi are made of kneaded into dough with flour, eggs and potatoes. Fusi, and gnocchi are usually served with various sauces, the itch to call them in Pula, the most traditional stew. The sauce of onions, tomatoes, chicken and spices.
However, the fusi and gnocchi it does not seem to try ravioli, pljukanci, pasutice or makaruni on the spoon. Ravioli pasta stuffed with various fillings, and the most special among them are labinski krafi. Encourage vegetarians to try posutice with fresh herbs to the olive oil and garlic are have a distinct taste.
In Pula you will be after a meal offered simple but very tasty sweets, the most they korštule and fritters and cukerančići. However, it offers you the restaurant povetica (strudel) or peaches, do not refuse. Join dessert typical Istrian Muscat, expressive wine with semi-sweet smell your bouquet will be a complete experience.
In recent years, Istria has become the production of top quality Croatian wines. Wine was once divided into red and white, and today in Pula burgundy wine shops you can taste, a Croat, but also varieties known in the worldwide rig Chardonnay, gray and white Pinot, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. However, the most famous Istrian wines are Malvasia and Teran. A synonym for white wine in Istria Malvasia produced from indigenous white grapes. Istrian Malvasia is dry and has a golden yellow color. The best, experts say, in the year of production.
What is the white Malvasia, it is for red wine Teran. Teran is intensely colored, almost purple, and it should be like Malvasia drink in the year of manufacture. While the Malvasia best choice to accompany seafood, risotto and pasta, Teran will manage perfectly in combination with Istrian prosciutto and wild animals.
From Teran to prepare Istrian supa - specifically food and drink as you please. In fact, soup is prepared so that zapečni bread and sugar in the Istrian bolaketi overflow Teran, add them up a little oil, pepper and salt. Soup is eaten with a spoon, it is advisable to drink a little wine.
In Pula's restaurants will offer you and truffles, rare and precious fungus that grows underground in the heart of Istria. Truffle dishes are the highlight of gastronomy. In Pula's restaurants will offer you a fusi or gnocchi with truffles, and once you get used to their specific smell and taste, you should try the steak or cheese with truffles. Truffle, or one of the most respected in the world, and it is found in Istria and the world's heaviest truffle added in Guinessevu Book of Records. It does not seem to mention that the truffle is one of the most famous aphrodisiac.
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