Vukovar area has always been the intersection, meeting place of different cultures, but also the scene of wars. Population of the Vukovar area is monitored through five thousand years in continuity through the many archaeological sites.
To this end it is especially important Vučedolska culture, which is named after the site Vučedol, five kilometers downstream on the Danube. Systematic research has revealed distinctive homes (Megaron), a workshop for the processing of copper and beautiful pottery with a white stylized decoration on black background. Vučedolska dove found 1938th , has become a symbol of the city, and equally great significance has Vucedol Orion, which is considered the oldest European calendar.
In the Vukovar area there are numerous archaeological sites from the Bronze Age, Early and Late Iron Age, which testify to the life of the Illyrians and Celts. Necropolis Illyrian tombs on the left pond in Vukovar proves that there was a large and complex.
The Romans were the conquests of the last decades before Christ broke the Danube. They built many forts as a border (limes) the barbarian tribes. In the Vukovar area are important Roman sites Cornacum (Sotin) Cuccium (Ilok) and Ulmo (Tovarnik). Along the Danube led to an important Roman road. Roman civilization in this region affected the improvement of the economy, isušivane the first pond and planted vineyards.
After the fall of the Roman Empire great migration of peoples and Avar-Slavic expansion from the sixth century onwards has led to major changes. Interfluve of the Danube and Sava was the scene of major conflicts and the interests of powerful states at that time. At that time inhabited by Croats here.
The surviving written documents Vukovar is mentioned in the early 13th century as a Volk, Walk, Wolkow and Croatian Vukovo. Since 14 century is increasingly being used pomađareni name of Vukovar. At that time, Croatia in državnopravnoj community with Hungary. Vukovar, as well as the adjacent Ilok, in this period, the guardians of the Croatian identity in the Danube and Sava river interfluve.
Among the first cities in the Croatian lands already 1231.godine Charter Koloman Vukovar gets the status of free royal town. In Vukovar, then the county seat of great Vukovski which stretched between the Danube and Sava rivers. Residents of the Wolves team are the benefits themselves elected village elder, dispose of its assets, held fairs and enjoyed other privileges.
After the Turkish rule (1526th-1687th) almost the entire area of Vukovar buy German Counts of Eltz and the next two centuries through the influence on the economic and cultural development of this region. Then the majority of Croatian population and inhabit other nationalities (Germans, Hungarians, Jews, Russians, Slovaks and Ukrainians). Thus, this Croatian region becomes multinational. Vukovar was the 1745th The seat of the great County of.
In accordance with its position in the economic and administrative terms of Vukovar developed in educational, cultural and health center. For the 1730th Vukovar has developed popular education. From the Franciscan School has developed elementary school in Old Vukovar. New Vukovar has its own school. They worked and denominational schools for children and Orthodox Jewish religion, and schools in the German and Hungarian. Apprentice school was established in 1886. year, a gymnasium 1891st Printing was opened 1867th when they first came out and Vukovar in German newspaper Der Syrmier-Bote.
After II. World War Vukovar developed into a powerful center of the textile and food industries, becoming one of the most developed cities in the former Yugoslavia.
The dominant style of the historical coat of Vukovar is certainly circled baroque ensemble with numerous architectural monuments extremely high visual and environmental values.
Vukovar area has always been a space of continuous sequence of cultural events, which have over the centuries touching two different points of view -, Central, Western, and the Balkans, Eastern.
Start an armed attack occurred in the Vukovar area SE 02 May 1991. when in Borovo Selo killed 12 Croatian police officers. The attack on Vukovar began on 24 August 1991. Since then the city three months was a complete environment. On 18 November 1991. the city was occupied by the military. Non-Serb population (around 22,000 people) were expelled from the city, and more than 6,000 were taken from Vukovar in numerous camps in Serbia, where they suffered severe abuse, and many have not returned. City in 1991. destroyed. Access to the reconstruction proceeded from the view that the city should restore most salient point, old squares and streets, which will be reconstructed Baroque towns of the Danube again outline as part of the Western cultural circle.
In 1997. began the process of reintegration. The city administration has made the conditions for the return of displaced persons and institutions and by then the city every day gets its former identity.
Vukovar is a symbol of resistance and survival of invincibility, also the symbol of peace, whose courage, dedication and sacrifices of its veterans size give an exalted place in the creation of an independent Croatian Republic.
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